From the 7th century to the end of the 13th century there were two Islamic golden ages. The first Golden Age was from about the 7th century to the 11th century. This Golden Age was society integrated in all dimensions, political, social, and moral, under the aegis of Islam. (Lapidus 14).The second Golden Age was from the 11th century to the 13h century. This Golden Age society was divided between state and religious institutions and differentiated political and religious elites (Lapidus 13). While Muhammad was not a big influence to start out, he had a strong political and economic influence during the Islamic Golden Age, because he was not only a prophet, but the political leader of southern Arabia.
Muhamad was born in 570ad in the town of mecca (Gabriel 53). His dad died before he was born, his mom died when he was 6 years old. He was orphaned at this age and his grandfather took care of him till he died too two years later. Finally his uncle took guardianship of Muhammad when he was 8 years old. Since Muhammad was orphaned he was illiterate, because he had no one to educate him. Muhammad was then employed as a trader by a wealthy and well-respected widow (Haleem x). He ended up marrying this widow and they were together over 25 years before she died (x). Muhammad died at the age of 62 in 632ad (xiii).
Muhammad would go into the cave of Hira…
Religious groups, like the Shiite communities, Sufi lineages, schools of law, theological sects, and brotherhood, were commonly independent of state regimes. Most withdrew from participation in government. Religious scholars wanted state and community to be integrated as one as the time Muhammad lived, but they were not committed into bringing this into their practice. By the eleventh century, states and religious communities were highly differentiated. Middle Eastern states asserted independence from…
